This question sounds quite simple, but it is not so in actual and often it comes as the hardest question to answer. Motion is a sign of life, but there are many things that are lifeless and still keep moving. In fact these things do not move themselves but they are put into motion by some forces.

According to Newton’s first law of motion, a body remains in the state of rest or of in uniform motion in the absence of an external unbalanced force.  This first law of motion is also referred as the law of inertia. So, it is external unbalanced force which plays a pivotal role in the motion or state of rest of some body.

In the past, people were of the view that a big thing like earth was in a state of rest and it wasn’t moving. Nicolaus Copernicus was the first person who presented the idea of the Earth’s movement around the sun. The problem was that there wasn’t any true sense in which it could be said that the Earth was not in motion, and then after Galileo, Einstein successfully argued that there weren’t any physical effects which could tell us about the movement of something.

In today’s modern physics, motion is known as successive positions in time function. There are also many other interpretation of this state:

Motion can be reckoned as an occurrence between two of our perceptions of positions that limited to these conceptual positions. Similarly, it is said that motion is what can unify time and space as they both irrevocably merged in the state of motion.

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